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''Synonym:'' ''armpit''
''Synonym:'' ''armpit''


==Definition==
==Definition==
The '''axilla''' is a pyramid-shaped anatomical space between the lateral chest wall and the medial humerus.   
The '''axilla''' is a pyramid-shaped anatomical space located between the lateral [[Corpus:Chest wall|chest wall]] and the medial [[Corpus:Humerus|humerus]].   


The term '''axilla''' is used colloquially only to describe the fold of skin between the chest wall and the upper arm, which is hairy in adults.
In everyday language, the term "axilla" often refers to the fold of [[Corpus:Skin|skin]] between the chest wall and upper [[Corpus:Arm|arm]], which becomes hairy in adults.


==Borders==
==Borders==
The pointed apex of the axilla points cranially and is bordered by the distal parts of the first rib, the upper edge of the shoulder blade (scapula) and the collarbone (clavicle). The base of the axilla lies caudally, with its broad side facing the chest wall and tapering towards the upper arm. It is formed by the skin and a thick layer of fascia, the fascia axillaris.
The apex of the axilla points cranially and is bordered by the lower part of the first [[Corpus:Thorax|rib]], the upper edge of the shoulder blade ([[Corpus:Scapula|scapula]]), and the collarbone ([[Corpus:Clavicle|clavicle]]). The base of the axilla faces caudally and is broad where it meets the chest wall, narrowing as it tapers toward the [[Corpus:Upper arm|upper arm]]. The base is formed by the skin and a thick layer of connective tissue called the axillary [[Corpus:Fascia|fascia]].
 
The ''anterior'' wall of the axilla is formed by the [[Corpus:Pectoralis major muscle|pectoralis major muscle]] and the [[Corpus:Pectoralis minor muscle|pectoralis minor muscle]]. The space between the pectoralis minor muscle and the clavicle is spanned by the clavipectoral fascia.


The ''anterior'' wall of the axilla is formed by the pectoralis major muscle and the pectoralis minor muscle. The space between the pectoralis minor muscle and the clavicle is spanned by the clavipectoral fascia.
The ''posterior'' wall of the axilla extends lower than the anterior wall. It is made up of the [[Corpus:Subscapular muscle|subscapular muscle]] at the top and the [[Corpus:Teres major muscle|teres major]] and [[Corpus:Latissimus dorsi muscle|latissimus dorsi muscles]] at the bottom.


The ''posterior'' wall of the axilla extends further caudally than the anterior wall. It is formed at the top by the subscapularis muscle and at the bottom by the teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles.
The ''medial'' border of the axilla is formed by the first four ribs with the [[Corpus:Intercostal muscles|intercostal muscles]] between them and part of the [[Corpus:Serratus anterior muscle|serratus anterior muscle]].  


The ''medial'' border of the axilla is formed by the first four ribs with the intercostal muscles between them and part of the serratus anterior muscle. On the lateral side, the anterior and posterior walls converge to form a narrow surface that is formed by the humerus, the coracobrachialis muscle and the biceps brachii muscle.
On the ''lateral'' side, the anterior and posterior walls converge to form a narrow surface that is formed by the humerus, the [[Corpus:Coracobrachialis muscle|coracobrachialis muscle]] and the [[Corpus:Biceps brachii muscle|biceps brachii muscle]].


==Structures==
==Structures==
===Vessels===
===Vessels===
* Axillary artery and its branches:
* [[Corpus:Axillary artery|Axillary artery]] and its branches:
** superior thoracic artery
** [[Corpus:Superior thoracic artery|superior thoracic artery]]
** thoracoacromial artery
** [[Corpus:Thoracoacromial artery|thoracoacromial artery]]
** Lateral thoracic artery
** [[Corpus:Lateral thoracic artery|lateral thoracic artery]]
** subscapular artery
** [[Corpus:Subscapular artery|subscapular artery]]
** anterior circumflex humeral artery
** [[Corpus:Anterior circumflex humeral artery|anterior circumflex humeral artery]]
** Arteria circumflexa humeri posterior
** [[Corpus:Posterior circumflex humeral artery|posterior circumflex humeral artery]]
* axillary vein
* [[Corpus:Axillary vein|Axillary vein]]
===Nerves===
===Nerves===
* Brachial plexus and its branches, among others:
* [[Corpus:Brachial plexus|Brachial plexus]] and its branches, including:
** Nervi subscapulares
** [[Corpus:Subscapular nerves|subscapular nerves]]
** Axillary nerve
** [[Corpus:Axillary nerve|axillary nerve]]
** intercostobrachial nerve
** [[Corpus:Intercostobrachial nerve|intercostobrachial nerve]]
** Thoracic long nerve
** [[Corpus:Long thoracic nerve|long thoracic nerve]]
** thoracodorsal nerve
** [[Corpus:Thoracodorsal nerve|thoracodorsal nerve]]
* intercostal nerves
* [[Corpus:Intercostal nerves|intercostal nerves]]
===Other===
===Other===
* Axillary lymph nodes (Nodi lymphatici axillares)
* Axillary [[Corpus:Lymph node|lymph nodes]]
* Adipose tissue
* Adipose tissue
[[Kategorie:Corpus]]
[[Kategorie:Corpus]]

Aktuelle Version vom 24. Dezember 2024, 11:11 Uhr

Synonym: armpit

Definition

The axilla is a pyramid-shaped anatomical space located between the lateral chest wall and the medial humerus.

In everyday language, the term "axilla" often refers to the fold of skin between the chest wall and upper arm, which becomes hairy in adults.

Borders

The apex of the axilla points cranially and is bordered by the lower part of the first rib, the upper edge of the shoulder blade (scapula), and the collarbone (clavicle). The base of the axilla faces caudally and is broad where it meets the chest wall, narrowing as it tapers toward the upper arm. The base is formed by the skin and a thick layer of connective tissue called the axillary fascia.

The anterior wall of the axilla is formed by the pectoralis major muscle and the pectoralis minor muscle. The space between the pectoralis minor muscle and the clavicle is spanned by the clavipectoral fascia.

The posterior wall of the axilla extends lower than the anterior wall. It is made up of the subscapular muscle at the top and the teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles at the bottom.

The medial border of the axilla is formed by the first four ribs with the intercostal muscles between them and part of the serratus anterior muscle.

On the lateral side, the anterior and posterior walls converge to form a narrow surface that is formed by the humerus, the coracobrachialis muscle and the biceps brachii muscle.

Structures

Vessels

Nerves

Other