Corpus: Semispinalis muscle: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

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Definition

The semispinalis muscles are skeletal muscles that form part of the back musculature. They belong to the medial tract of the erector spinae muscle group.

Anatomy

The semispinalis muscles are located in the regions of the head, cervical, and thoracic spine. These muscles originate from the transverse processes (or homologous areas) and typically attach 6 to 7 vertebral levels higher to the spinous processes or the occipital bone.

To aid in orientation, the semispinalis muscles are divided into three groups:

Musculus semispinalis capitis
Musculus semispinalis cervicis
Musculus semispinalis thoracis

Musculus semispinalis capitis

The muscle fibers of the semispinalis capitis muscle originate from the articular processes of thoracic vertebrae T6 to cervical vertebrae C3. They attach to the medial area of the occipital bone, specifically between the superior and inferior nuchal lines.

Musculus semispinalis cervicis

The semispinalis cervicis muscle originates from the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae T7 to T2, with insertions extending from cervical vertebrae C6 to C2.

Musculus semispinalis thoracis

The semispinalis thoracis muscle originates from the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae T12 to T7, with corresponding insertions extending from the spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae T4 to cervical vertebrae C6.

Innervation

The semispinalis muscles are innervated by the medial branches of the posterior rami from the respective segmental spinal nerves. The semispinalis capitis muscle may also receive innervation from the lateral branches of the posterior rami.

Function

The semispinalis capitis muscle, when contracted on one side, rotates the head to the opposite side. When both sides contract, the head is dorsiflexed (extended). The semispinalis cervicis and thoracis muscles, when contracted unilaterally, rotate the respective spinal region to the opposite side, resulting in lateral flexion to the same side. Bilateral contraction of these muscles contributes to the extension of the spine.

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 == Definition ==
-The '''Musculi semispinales''' are skeletal muscles of the back musculature. They belong to the medial tract of the erector spinae muscle.<dcembed ratio="16x9"><dcEmbedUrl src="https://www.doccheck.com/de/detail/photos/42939-musculi-semispinales"></dcEmbedUrl>
+The '''semispinalis muscles''' are [[Corpus:Muscle|skeletal muscles]] that form part of the [[Corpus:Back musculature|back musculature]]. They belong to the medial tract of the [[Corpus:Erector spinae muscle|erector spinae muscle]] group.<dcembed ratio="16x9"><dcEmbedUrl src="https://www.doccheck.com/de/detail/photos/42939-musculi-semispinales"></dcEmbedUrl>
 <dcEmbedUrl src="https://www.doccheck.com/de/detail/photos/42940-musculi-semispinales"></dcEmbedUrl>
 <dcEmbedUrl src="https://www.doccheck.com/de/detail/photos/42942-musculi-semispinales"></dcEmbedUrl>
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 ==Anatomy==
-The semispinal muscles are located in the area of the head, cervical and thoracic spine. They originate from the processus transversus (or homologous areas) and usually attach 6 to 7 vertebral levels higher to the processus spinosus or occipital bone.
+The semispinalis muscles are located in the regions of the [[Corpus:Heel bone|head]], [[Corpus:Cervical spine|cervical]], and [[Corpus:Thoracic spine|thoracic spine]]. These muscles originate from the [[Corpus:Transverse processes|transverse processes]] (or homologous areas) and typically attach 6 to 7 vertebral levels higher to the [[Corpus:Spinous processes|spinous processes]] or the [[Corpus:Occipital bone|occipital bone]].
+To aid in orientation, the semispinalis muscles are divided into three groups:
-For better orientation, three muscle groups are distinguished:
 * Musculus semispinalis capitis
-* semispinalis cervicis muscle
+* Musculus semispinalis cervicis
 * Musculus semispinalis thoracis
 ===Musculus semispinalis capitis===
-The muscle tracts of the semispinalis capitis muscle originate from the articular processes of thoracic vertebra 6 to cervical vertebra 3. They attach in the medial area of the occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines.
+The muscle fibers of the semispinalis capitis muscle originate from the articular processes of thoracic vertebrae T6 to cervical vertebrae C3. They attach to the medial area of the occipital bone, specifically between the superior and inferior [[Corpus:Nuchal lines|nuchal lines.]]
 ===Musculus semispinalis cervicis===
-The origins of the semispinalis cervicis muscle extend from thoracic vertebrae 7 - 2, the corresponding insertions extend from cervical vertebrae 6 - 2.
+The semispinalis cervicis muscle originates from the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae T7 to T2, with insertions extending from [[Corpus:Cervical vertebra|cervical vertebrae]] C6 to C2.
 ===Musculus semispinalis thoracis===
-The areas of origin of the semispinalis thoracis muscle lie on the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae 12 - 7. The corresponding insertion areas extend from the 4th thoracic vertebra to the 6th cervical vertebra.
+The semispinalis thoracis muscle originates from the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae T12 to T7, with corresponding insertions extending from the spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae T4 to cervical vertebrae C6.
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 ==Innervation==
-The semispinalis muscles are innervated by the medial branches of the posterior rami from the respective segmental spinal nerves. The semispinalis capitis muscle is occasionally joined by lateral branches of the posterior rami.
+The semispinalis muscles are innervated by the medial branches of the posterior rami from the respective segmental [[Corpus:Spinal nerve|spinal nerves]]. The semispinalis capitis muscle may also receive innervation from the lateral branches of the posterior rami.
 ==Function==
-The semispinalis capitis muscle turns the head to the opposite side when contracted on one side. When contracted on both sides, the head is dorsiflexed (stretched).
+The semispinalis capitis muscle, when contracted on one side, rotates the head to the opposite side. When both sides contract, the head is dorsiflexed (extended). The semispinalis cervicis and thoracis muscles, when contracted unilaterally, rotate the respective spinal region to the opposite side, resulting in lateral flexion to the same side. Bilateral contraction of these muscles contributes to the extension of the spine.
-When contracted on one side, the semispinalis cervicis and thoracis muscles rotate the respective area of the spine to the opposite side, resulting in lateral flexion to the same side. When contracted on both sides, they contribute to the extension.
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