Corpus: Subcostal muscles
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1. Definition
The Musculi subcostales are skeletal muscles that are part of the intercostal musculature.
2. Course
The musculi subcostales are derivatives of the musculi intercostales interni, with their muscle fibers running in the same direction. They originate in the caudal-dorsal area of the thorax, near the angulus costae, and typically skip one rib as they course upward to attach to the next but one higher rib.
3. Innervation
The subcostal muscles are innervated segmentally by the intercostal nerves. Although these muscles may span several ribs, they are innervated by nerve fibers from a single spinal cord segment.
4. Function
The subcostal muscles serve the same function in the caudal thorax as the internal intercostal muscles. They lower the ribs, thereby aiding in expiration.