Corpus: Posterior auricular nerve: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
The '''posterior auricular nerve''' is a mixed nerve branch of the [[Corpus:Facial nerve|facial nerve]]. It carries specific motor fibers from the facial nerve nucleus and general sensory fibers that run to the spinal nucleus of the [[Corpus:Trigeminal nerve|trigeminal nerve]]. | The '''posterior auricular nerve''' is a mixed [[Corpus:Nerve|nerve]] branch of the [[Corpus:Facial nerve|facial nerve]]. It carries specific motor fibers from the facial nerve nucleus and general sensory fibers that run to the spinal nucleus of the [[Corpus:Trigeminal nerve|trigeminal nerve]]. | ||
==Course== | ==Course== | ||
The posterior auricular nerve originates from the facial nerve near the stylomastoid foramen and then runs upwards to the mastoid process. It divides between the external auditory meatus and the mastoid into an occipital branch and an auricular branch. The occipital branch follows the superior nuchal line, while the auricular branch runs to the ear. | The posterior auricular nerve originates from the facial nerve near the stylomastoid foramen and then runs upwards to the mastoid process. It divides between the external auditory meatus and the mastoid into an occipital branch and an auricular branch. The occipital branch follows the superior nuchal line, while the auricular branch runs to the ear. | ||
The branches of the posterior auricular nerve form connections with the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (Arnold nerve), the posterior branch of the great auricular nerve, and the lesser occipital nerve. | The branches of the posterior auricular nerve form connections with the auricular branch of the [[Corpus:Vagus nerve|vagus nerve]] (Arnold nerve), the posterior branch of the [[Corpus:Great auricular nerve|great auricular nerve]], and the [[Corpus:Lesser occipital nerve|lesser occipital nerve]]. | ||
The cell bodies of the general sensory fibers are located in the geniculate ganglion and the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve. | The cell bodies of the general sensory fibers are located in the geniculate ganglion and the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve. | ||
=== Varieties === | === Varieties === | ||
In rare cases, the auricular nerve may run anterior to the external auditory canal.<ref>Colbert SD, Davies J, Aldridge T, Brennan PA. | In rare cases, the auricular nerve may run anterior to the external auditory canal.<ref>Colbert SD, Davies J, Aldridge T, Brennan PA. Posterior auricular nerve found anterior to the cartilage of the external auditory meatus--a previously unreported variant. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Jul;51(5):448-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.10.010. Epub 2012 Nov 15. PMID: 23159194.</ref> | ||
== Topography == | == Topography == | ||
Running alongside the posterior auricular nerve are the posterior auricular artery and the posterior auricular vein.<ref name="cowan">Cowan PT, Munakomi S. Anatomy, Head and Neck, Posterior Auricular Nerve. [Updated 2023 May 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544243/</ref> | Running alongside the posterior auricular nerve are the posterior auricular artery and the posterior auricular vein.<ref name="cowan">Cowan PT, Munakomi S. Anatomy, Head and Neck, Posterior Auricular Nerve. [Updated 2023 May 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: <nowiki>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544243/</nowiki></ref> | ||
==Supply area== | ==Supply area== | ||
The posterior auricular nerve supplies parts of the posterior and superior auricular muscles as well as the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle. Sensory-wise, it innervates a small part of the auricle (Hunt zone). | The posterior auricular nerve supplies parts of the posterior and superior auricular muscles, as well as the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle. Sensory-wise, it innervates a small part of the auricle (Hunt zone). | ||
== Embryology == | == Embryology == | ||
Aktuelle Version vom 25. Juni 2024, 15:37 Uhr
Synonym: posterior ear nerve
Definition
The posterior auricular nerve is a mixed nerve branch of the facial nerve. It carries specific motor fibers from the facial nerve nucleus and general sensory fibers that run to the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve.
Course
The posterior auricular nerve originates from the facial nerve near the stylomastoid foramen and then runs upwards to the mastoid process. It divides between the external auditory meatus and the mastoid into an occipital branch and an auricular branch. The occipital branch follows the superior nuchal line, while the auricular branch runs to the ear.
The branches of the posterior auricular nerve form connections with the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (Arnold nerve), the posterior branch of the great auricular nerve, and the lesser occipital nerve.
The cell bodies of the general sensory fibers are located in the geniculate ganglion and the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve.
Varieties
In rare cases, the auricular nerve may run anterior to the external auditory canal.[1]
Topography
Running alongside the posterior auricular nerve are the posterior auricular artery and the posterior auricular vein.[2]
Supply area
The posterior auricular nerve supplies parts of the posterior and superior auricular muscles, as well as the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle. Sensory-wise, it innervates a small part of the auricle (Hunt zone).
Embryology
The posterior auricular nerve originates from the second branchial arch.
Sources
- ↑ Colbert SD, Davies J, Aldridge T, Brennan PA. Posterior auricular nerve found anterior to the cartilage of the external auditory meatus--a previously unreported variant. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Jul;51(5):448-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.10.010. Epub 2012 Nov 15. PMID: 23159194.
- ↑ Cowan PT, Munakomi S. Anatomy, Head and Neck, Posterior Auricular Nerve. [Updated 2023 May 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544243/