Corpus: Metacarpus
Definition
The metacarpus represents the part of the hand that connects the carpus (wrist bones) to the fingers. This region's skeletal framework consists of five small, tubular bones known as the metacarpals.
Anatomy
Skeleton
The metacarpus comprises five metacarpal bones (ossa metacarpalia). Each metacarpal has a broad base articulating with the distal row of carpal bones (articulatio carpometacarpalis). The distal end of each metacarpal, termed the caput or capitulum, joins with the proximal phalanges of the fingers to form the metacarpophalangeal joints (articulationes metacarpophalangeales). These joints serve as the origin for the five finger rays of the hand. Ligaments tightly guide and stabilize the metacarpus.
Musculature
The metacarpal area encompasses several muscles in addition to the tendons of the forearm muscles:
- Metacarpal group
- Thenar group
- Hypothenar group
Function
The metacarpus plays a crucial role in the hand's elasticity, with its structure of individual bones arranged in a radial pattern. The first metacarpal bone is particularly significant in enabling the opposition of the thumb.
Clinic
Fractures of the metacarpus are referred to as metacarpal fractures.