Corpus: Gluteus medius muscle

The gluteus medius muscle is part of the dorsolateral muscles and is situated almost entirely beneath the gluteus maximus muscle.

The gluteus medius originates from the iliac crest between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines. Its fibers converge with parts originating laterally from the gluteal aponeurosis and insert into the greater trochanter of the femur. The trochanteric bursae of gluteus medius muscle located on the greater trochanter, reduces friction during movement.

The gluteus medius muscle is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve, derived from spinal segments L4 to S1.

The gluteus medius muscle, in conjunction with the gluteus minimus muscle, performs several crucial functions. The ventral parts of these muscles facilitate internal rotation and flexion of the hip joint, while the dorsal parts are responsible for external rotation and extension. Together, these muscles are the primary abductors of the hip joint.

When standing on one leg, the gluteus medius and minimus muscles prevent the pelvis from tilting towards the side of the raised leg, making them essential for maintaining balance during walking. Paralysis of these muscles on both sides results in a characteristic "waddling gait." Additionally, the gluteus medius muscle is a common site for intramuscular injections.