Corpus: Medial plantar nerve

The medial plantar nerve is a branch of the tibial nerve that carries both sensory and motor fibers.

2.1. Cutaneous Branches

The medial plantar nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the sole of the foot through multiple small cutaneous branches that penetrate the plantar aponeurosis.

2.2. Muscular Branches

The medial plantar nerve innervates several muscles of the foot through short motor branches, including:

• Abductor hallucis muscle
• Flexor hallucis brevis muscle (medial head)
• First and second lumbrical muscles
• Flexor digitorum brevis muscle

2.3. Articular Branches

These branches supply sensory innervation to several joints within the tarsal and metatarsal regions.

2.4. Proper Digital Plantar Nerve

This mixed nerve branch specifically innervates the medial aspect of the big toe's skin and a portion of the flexor hallucis brevis muscle.

2.5. Common Digital Plantar Nerves

The three common digital plantar nerves provide sensory innervation to:

• Lateral aspect of the big toe
• Medial and lateral aspects of the second and third toes
• Medial side of the fourth toe

The first of these nerves also contributes motor fibers to the first lumbrical muscle.