Corpus: Short ciliary nerves
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1. Definition
The short ciliary nerves are 6-10 short, thin bundles of nerve fibres that arise from the ciliary ganglion. They are controlled by parasympathetic fibres from the oculomotor nerve, which are switched in the ganglion. They then enter the eye and innervate the inner eye muscles (sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles).
2. Anatomy
The ciliary nerves originate in two main bundles from the inferior and superior edge of the ciliary ganglion. The inferior bundle is somewhat stronger. They run with the ciliary arteries (arteriae ciliares) above and below the optic nerve in an undulating rostral direction and are accompanied by the long ciliary nerves from the nasociliary nerve.
Once they reach the posterior part of the bulbus oculi, they pierce the sclera and run along the inside of the sclera to their organs of success (ciliary muscle and iris).
3. Clinic
A lesion of the short ciliary nerves can lead to loss of the pupillary reflex and to mydriasis on the affected side.