Corpus: Medial palpebral artery
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1. Definition
The medial palpebral artery are two arteries in the orbit (eye socket) that are branches of the ophthalmic artery.
2. Classification
A distinction is made between two medial palpebral arteries:
- Superior medial palpebral artery (ramus): at the upper edge of the eyelid
- Arteria (ramus) palpebralis medialis inferior: at the lower lid margin
3. Course
The medial palpebral arteries originate opposite the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle from the ophthalmic artery. They leave the orbit and run in the subcutaneous tissue of the free lid margin between the orbicularis oculi muscle and the lid cartilage (tarsus) from medial to lateral.
The medial superior palpebral artery anastomoses at the lateral orbital rim with the zygomaticoorbital ramus of the temporal artery (temporal artery) and with the lateral superior palpebral artery from the lacrimal artery. Together with the latter it forms the superior palpebral artery.
The medial inferior palpebral artery anastomoses at the lateral orbital rim with the lateral inferior palpebral artery of the lacrimal artery and with the transverse facial artery. Medially it forms an anastomosis with the angular artery. The anastomosis with the lateral inferior palpebral artery is known as the inferior palpebral artery.
4. Function
The medial palpebral arteries supply the eyelids and the conjunctiva with arterial blood.