Corpus: Skull base
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This text has been translated by an AI and may sound raw. It will be reviewed shortly. Thank you for your patience!
Synonym: base cranii
English:
Definition[Bearbeiten]
The base of the skull is the part of the skull on the inside of which the brain rests.
Anatomy[Bearbeiten]
The base of the skull is formed by the following bones:
- Os frontale
- Os ethmoidale
- Sphenoid bone
- Os occipitale
- Os temporale
Topographically, a distinction can be made between the inner base of the skull (base cranii interna), which faces the brain, and the outer base of the skull (base cranii externa).
The inner cranial base can be divided into three cranial fossae (fossae cranii):
- The anterior fossa (Fossa cranii anterior) is formed by the frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones. It contains the frontal lobe.
- The middle cranial fossa (Fossa cranii media) is formed by the Os sphenoidale and the Os temporale. It contains the temporal lobe and most of the exit and entry points of the skull.
- The posterior fossa (Fossa cranii posterior) is formed by the Os temporale and the Os occipitale. It contains the cerebellum.
| Cranial fossa | Bone' | Proportion |
|---|---|---|
| Fossa cranii anterior | Os frontale Os ethmoidale Os sphenoidale |
Partes orbitales Lamina cribrosa Alae minores, rostrum and jugum |
| - Border: Os sphenoidale: Alae minores + Jugum sphenoidale | ||
| Fossa cranii media | Os sphenoidale Os temporale |
Alae majores Pars squamosa, Pars petrosa, Facies anterior |
| - Border: Os sphenoidale: Dorsum sellae + Os temporale: Margo superior partis petrosae | ||
| Fossa cranii posterior | Os sphenoidale Os temporale Os occipitale |
Clivus Pars petrosa, Facies posterior Pars basilaris, Partes laterales |
Situs[Bearbeiten]
Clinic[Bearbeiten]
From a clinical-neurosurgical point of view, the base of the skull is divided into 2 parts:
- anterior skull base or frontobasis
- lateral skull base or laterobasis