Corpus: Ileocecal valve

image
AI translation

This text has been translated by an AI and may sound raw. It will be reviewed shortly. Thank you for your patience!

image
AI translation

This text has been translated by an AI and may sound raw. It will be reviewed shortly. Thank you for your patience!

after Caspar Bauhin (1560 - 1624), Swiss anatomist and botanist
Synonyms: Bauhin's valve, valvula ileocaecalis, ileocecal valve, ileocecal valve, ileocaecal valve
English: , ileocaecal valve

1. Definition[Bearbeiten]

The Bauhin valve or ileocaecal valve' is a valve-like flap consisting of folds of mucous membrane at the junction between the terminal ileum and caecum, which prevents the reflux of intestinal contents from the heavily bacterially colonised large intestine into the bacteria-poor small intestine.

2. Anatomy[Bearbeiten]

The Bauhin valve is an invagination of the mucosa, submucosa and ring muscles of the ileum into the caecum. Inside the intestine it forms the ileal papilla with the ileal ostium. The longitudinal musculature and the serosa are not part of the invagination. The ileal papilla is therefore fixed in place and does not move when the ileum is pulled.

In anatomy, it was originally assumed that the Bauhin valve consisted of two opposing mucosal folds, the

  • labrum ileocolicum (labrum superius) and the
  • labrum ileocaecale (labrum inferius)

These two end in a mucosal frenulum, the frenulum ostii ilealis.

However, this is probably a post-mortem artefact. Endoscopic examinations in living humans have shown that the Bauhin valve is roundish in vivo and has no defined lips.

The protrusion of the large intestine located caudal to the Bauhin's valve is called the caecum (appendix). The caecum bears the vermiform appendix at its lower pole.


3. Function[Bearbeiten]

The ileocecal valve is a functional closure of the terminal ileum in the direction of the colon. It prevents intestinal contents contaminated with germs from flowing back from the large intestine into the small intestine, which has significantly fewer germs.

4. Clinic[Bearbeiten]

As an isthmus, the Bauhin valve is a predilection site for the retention of swallowed foreign bodies or large gallstones. In inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g. Crohn's disease) the valve is sometimes stenosed. A valve defect can cause small bowel colonisation.

Empfehlung