Corpus: Cochlear ganglion
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Synonyms: Ganglion spirale cochlearis, ganglion spirale cochleae, Corti ganglion, spiral ganglion
English:
Definition[Bearbeiten]
The cochlear ganglion is a collection of nerve cells (ganglion) in the cochlear canal of the cochlea.
Anatomy[Bearbeiten]
The cochlear ganglion consists of 2 types of ganglion cells:
- Type 1 ganglion cells (approximately 95%): Bipolar, myelinated neurons with afferent contacts to the inner hair cells (IHC).
- Type 2 ganglion cells (approx. 5%): Pseudounipolar, non-myelinated neurons with connections to the outer hair cells (OHC). This cell type collects the input of several (15-20) OHCs. In addition, the type 2 ganglion cells form reciprocal synapses with the outer hair cells, suggesting that this cell type has afferent and efferent functions.
The peripheral processes of the cells lead to the organ of Corti, their central processes form the cochlear root (radix cochlearis) of the vestibulocochlear nerve (nerve VIII) and thus the first neuron of the auditory pathway.